Pig slaughtering mechanization to improve serious overcapacity(一)

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Time:2015-09-22

Recently, the ministry of agriculture in the national regulation of slaughtered livestock and poultry and pig slaughter rectification work conference stressed: to strengthen the supervision of slaughtered livestock and poultry, protect the safety of the tongue.Learned, pig slaughter process trival, past the traditional way of artificial slaughter processing, need a lot of manpower.Nowadays, with the development of the slaughtering equipment mechanization accelerated, pig slaughter into automated production.
Pig slaughtering management development in our country on January 1, 1998 the state council promulgated the regulations on the administration of the pig slaughter.Regulate the behavior of pig slaughter, improve the quality of pig products, ensure the security of the people to eat meat, has achieved obvious results.In 2013 the state council decided to handover pig slaughtering management function, the ministry of commerce, to the ministry of agriculture.From then on, the pig slaughtering management has entered a new stage.The basis of the meat industry in China started from the 1950 s.So far can be divided into four stages:

(1) multiple management period (1950-1954)
Slaughter way is mainly manual operation, a knife, a pot;Meat inspection only trunks, disorderly visceral and head hoof;Inspection items project is not complete, residual is serious.
(2) unified management period (1955-1985)
Slaughterhouses and unified leadership of the ministry of commerce on health work, will be dispersed in agriculture, health, supply and marketing, foreign trade departments of slaughterhouses direct commerce branch belongs to food companies and unified leadership, unified management;The health sector to the slaughterhouse building, equipment, environmental sanitation, meat processing, storage and transportation and sales of health supervision and guidance;Department of animal husbandry and veterinary veterinary work supervision and guidance of the slaughterhouse.
(3) open operation period (1986-1997)
Pig slaughter from a state-run food company exclusive operation into a variety of economic subject multi-channel operation.Because of the lack of legal system of standard management, appear a series of new problems.Mainly: individual tu flood, confusion of distribution order;Disease flesh listed in great quantities, endangering the health of consumers;Idle, mechanized slaughtering facilities serious resource waste;Environmental pollution is serious;Loss of tax revenue.
(4) in accordance with the standard period (1998-2014)
On January 1, 1998 the state council promulgated the regulations on the administration of the pig slaughter.Regulate the behavior of pig slaughter, improve the quality of pig products, ensure the security of the people to eat meat, has achieved obvious results.In 2013 the state council decided to handover pig slaughtering management function, the ministry of commerce, to the ministry of agriculture.From then on, the pig slaughtering management has entered a new stage.

In January 2010, the ministry of commerce according to the "food safety law", the "regulations on the administration of pig slaughter" and "pig slaughtering management measures for the implementation of regulations of the relevant provisions of the requirements, prepare released" the pig slaughtering industry development plan outline "(hereinafter referred to as the outline)., and according to the present situation of pig slaughter in our country, from 2010 to 2015 renovation specification of pig slaughtering industry planning, and support the development of large-scale, mechanized slaughtering enterprises, eliminate the manual slaughter, support the development of advanced productive forces, eliminate backward production capacity, to strive for the national 2013 manual and semi-mechanization behind the pig slaughtering capacity elimination of 30%, such as backward pig slaughter capacity will be eliminated by 50% in 2015, the big cities and developed areas to eliminate 80% of the goal.
Pig slaughtering industry status in China:
From 2011 to 2012, the ministry of commerce and other nine departments jointly carried out in the national fixed-point slaughtering pigs qualification audit work.All localities and departments in strict accordance with the conditions stipulated in the relevant laws and regulations and standards, for the national pig designated slaughterhouses (field) and a small pig slaughterhouse point clear the audit.Pig designated slaughterhouses (field) from 5919 to 4585, cut by 22.5%;Small pig slaughterhouse point from 14019 to 10135, cuts of 27.7%.Pig slaughtering enterprises from 19938 to 14720, the total reduction of 5218, a drop of 26.2%.
The pig slaughtering industry is at the end of 2012, the ministry of commerce statistics of pig fixed-point slaughtering enterprises 4585, accounting for 31% of the pig slaughtering industry;Small pig slaughterhouse point 10135, accounting for 69% of the pig slaughtering industry. Small pig slaughterhouse accounted for about 70% of the industry.
Pig market in China in 2013, 715.57 million, an increase of 3.6% over the previous year, pork production 54.93 million tons, accounting for about 50.6% of the world's pork output, an increase of 2.8% over the previous year, pork is China's meat take charge of varieties, accounted for 64.3% of the total output of meat.
According to the department of agriculture statistics, the current through the designated slaughterhouses (field) and quarantine inspection of more than 300 million pigs.Calculated at 700 million head of the national market pigs, quarantine inspection pig accounts for only 42.8% of the total output.According to analysis, at present the national pig slaughter capacity up to 844 million head, capacity utilization rate is only 33%.Pig slaughtering the top three of the nation's 2008 annual slaughter capacity of 65 million head, only 30 million animals are slaughtered, accounted for 46% of capacity, only 10% of the amount of annual slaughtering.2009 national pigs into point slaughtered around 300 million, the average only slaughtering slaughtering enterprises year 14000 head, only 38, slaughtering pigs.Pig slaughtering and some developed countries has achieved a high degree of concentration, the former five slaughtering enterprises market share of more than 71%;Former Danish 2 amount of slaughtering slaughtering enterprises accounted for 97% of the Danish national slaughter capacity;Former German companies accounted for 65% of the market share;France, Britain and other countries in the first four home slaughtering enterprises market share also in 20 to 50 and so on.Compared with the developed countries, China's pig slaughtering concentration is very low.